Install Docker Engine from binaries

もくじ

重要

This page contains information on how to install Docker using binaries. These instructions are mostly suitable for testing purposes. We do not recommend installing Docker using binaries in production environments as they don't have automatic security updates. The Linux binaries described on this page are statically linked, which means that vulnerabilities in build-time dependencies are not automatically patched by security updates of your Linux distribution.

Updating binaries is also slightly more involved when compared to Docker packages installed using a package manager or through Docker Desktop, as it requires (manually) updating the installed version whenever there is a new release of Docker.

Also, static binaries may not include all functionalities provided by the dynamic packages.

On Windows and Mac, we recommend that you install Docker Desktop instead. For Linux, we recommend that you follow the instructions specific for your distribution.

If you want to try Docker or use it in a testing environment, but you're not on a supported platform, you can try installing from static binaries. If possible, you should use packages built for your operating system, and use your operating system's package management system to manage Docker installation and upgrades.

Static binaries for the Docker daemon binary are only available for Linux (as dockerd) and Windows (as dockerd.exe). Static binaries for the Docker client are available for Linux, Windows, and macOS (as docker).

This topic discusses binary installation for Linux, Windows, and macOS:

Install daemon and client binaries on Linux

Prerequisites

Before attempting to install Docker from binaries, be sure your host machine meets the prerequisites:

  • A 64-bit installation
  • Version 3.10 or higher of the Linux kernel. The latest version of the kernel available for your platform is recommended.
  • iptables version 1.4 or higher
  • git version 1.7 or higher
  • A ps executable, usually provided by procps or a similar package.
  • XZ Utils 4.9 or higher
  • A properly mounted cgroupfs hierarchy; a single, all-encompassing cgroup mount point is not sufficient. See Github issues #2683, #3485, #4568).

Secure your environment as much as possible

OS considerations

Enable SELinux or AppArmor if possible.

It is recommended to use AppArmor or SELinux if your Linux distribution supports either of the two. This helps improve security and blocks certain types of exploits. Review the documentation for your Linux distribution for instructions for enabling and configuring AppArmor or SELinux.

Security warning

If either of the security mechanisms is enabled, do not disable it as a work-around to make Docker or its containers run. Instead, configure it correctly to fix any problems.

Docker daemon considerations

Install static binaries

  1. Download the static binary archive. Go to https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/, choose your hardware platform, and download the .tgz file relating to the version of Docker Engine you want to install.

  2. Extract the archive using the tar utility. The dockerd and docker binaries are extracted.

    $ tar xzvf /path/to/<FILE>.tar.gz

  3. Optional: Move the binaries to a directory on your executable path, such as /usr/bin/. If you skip this step, you must provide the path to the executable when you invoke docker or dockerd commands.

    $ sudo cp docker/* /usr/bin/

  4. Start the Docker daemon:

    $ sudo dockerd &

    If you need to start the daemon with additional options, modify the above command accordingly or create and edit the file /etc/docker/daemon.json to add the custom configuration options.

  5. Verify that Docker is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.

    $ sudo docker run hello-world

    This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.

情報

非 root ユーザーでの実行時にエラーが発生したら？

ユーザーグループ docker は存在していてもユーザーが一切含まれていない状態の場合、Docker コマンドの実行にあたっては sudo の利用を求められることになります。 Linux インストール後の作業 を確認して、Docker コマンドやその他の設定作業を非特権ユーザーにも許可する手順を進めてください。

Install client binaries on macOS

メモ

The following instructions are mostly suitable for testing purposes. The macOS binary includes the Docker client only. It does not include the dockerd daemon which is required to run containers. Therefore, we recommend that you install Docker Desktop instead.

The binaries for Mac also do not contain:

  • A runtime environment. You must set up a functional engine either in a Virtual Machine, or on a remote Linux machine.
  • Docker components such as buildx and docker compose.

To install client binaries, perform the following steps:

  1. Download the static binary archive. Go to https://download.docker.com/mac/static/stable/ and select x86_64 (for Mac on Intel chip) or aarch64 (for Mac on Apple silicon), and then download the .tgz file relating to the version of Docker Engine you want to install.

  2. Extract the archive using the tar utility. The docker binary is extracted.

    $ tar xzvf /path/to/<FILE>.tar.gz

  3. Clear the extended attributes to allow it run.

    $ sudo xattr -rc docker

    Now, when you run the following command, you can see the Docker CLI usage instructions:

    $ docker/docker

  4. Optional: Move the binary to a directory on your executable path, such as /usr/local/bin/. If you skip this step, you must provide the path to the executable when you invoke docker or dockerd commands.

    $ sudo cp docker/docker /usr/local/bin/

  5. Verify that Docker is installed correctly by running the hello-world image. The value of <hostname> is a hostname or IP address running the Docker daemon and accessible to the client.

    $ sudo docker -H <hostname> run hello-world

    This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

Install server and client binaries on Windows

メモ

The following section describes how to install the Docker daemon on Windows Server which allows you to run Windows containers only. When you install the Docker daemon on Windows Server, the daemon doesn't contain Docker components such as buildx and compose. If you're running Windows 10 or 11, we recommend that you install Docker Desktop instead.

Binary packages on Windows include both dockerd.exe and docker.exe. On Windows, these binaries only provide the ability to run native Windows containers (not Linux containers).

To install server and client binaries, perform the following steps:

  1. Download the static binary archive. Go to https://download.docker.com/win/static/stable/x86_64 and select the latest version from the list.

  2. Run the following PowerShell commands to install and extract the archive to your program files:

    PS C:\> Expand-Archive /path/to/<FILE>.zip -DestinationPath $Env:ProgramFiles

  3. Register the service and start the Docker Engine:

    PS C:\> &$Env:ProgramFiles\Docker\dockerd --register-service
PS C:\> Start-Service docker

  4. Verify that Docker is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.

    PS C:\> &$Env:ProgramFiles\Docker\docker run hello-world:nanoserver

    This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a message and exits.

Upgrade static binaries

To upgrade your manual installation of Docker Engine, first stop any dockerd or dockerd.exe processes running locally, then follow the regular installation steps to install the new version on top of the existing version.

Next steps