Merge
Compose lets you define a Compose application model through multiple Compose files. When doing so, Compose follows certain rules to merge Compose files.
These rules are outlined below.
mapping
A YAML mapping
gets merged by adding missing entries and merging the conflicting ones.
Merging the following example YAML trees:
services:
foo:
key1: value1
key2: value2
services:
foo:
key2: VALUE
key3: value3
Results in a Compose application model equivalent to the YAML tree:
services:
foo:
key1: value1
key2: VALUE
key3: value3
sequence
A YAML sequence
is merged by appending values from the overriding Compose file to the previous one.
Merging the following example YAML trees:
services:
foo:
DNS:
- 1.1.1.1
services:
foo:
DNS:
- 8.8.8.8
Results in a Compose application model equivalent to the YAML tree:
services:
foo:
DNS:
- 1.1.1.1
- 8.8.8.8
Exceptions
シェルコマンド
When merging Compose files that use the services attributes
command,
entrypoint and
healthcheck: test
, the value is overridden by the latest Compose file, and not appended.
Merging the following example YAML trees:
services:
foo:
command: ["echo", "foo"]
services:
foo:
command: ["echo", "bar"]
Results in a Compose application model equivalent to the YAML tree:
services:
foo:
command: ["echo", "bar"]
Unique resources
Applies to the ports, volumes, secrets and configs services attributes. While these types are modeled in a Compose file as a sequence, they have special uniqueness requirements:
Attribute | Unique key |
---|---|
volumes | target |
secrets | source |
configs | source |
ports | {ip, target, published, protocol} |
When merging Compose files, Compose appends new entries that do not violate a uniqueness constraint and merge entries that share a unique key.
Merging the following example YAML trees:
services:
foo:
volumes:
- foo:/work
services:
foo:
volumes:
- bar:/work
Results in a Compose application model equivalent to the YAML tree:
services:
foo:
volumes:
- bar:/work
Reset value
In addition to the previously described mechanism, an override Compose file can also be used to remove elements from your application model.
For this purpose, the custom
YAML tag !reset
can be set to
override a value set by the overriden Compose file. A valid value for attribute must be provided,
but will be ignored and target attribute will be set with type's default value or null
.
For readability, it is recommended to explicitly set the attribute value to the null (null
) or empty
array []
(with !reset null
or !reset []
) so that it is clear that resulting attribute will be
cleared.
A base compose.yaml
file:
services:
app:
image: myapp
ports:
- "8080:80"
environment:
FOO: BAR
And an compose.override.yaml
file:
services:
app:
image: myapp
ports: !reset []
environment:
FOO: !reset null
Results in:
services:
app:
image: myapp
Replace value
While !reset
can be used to remove a declaration from a Compose file using an override file, !override
allows you
to fully replace an attribute, bypassing the standard merge rules. A typical example is to fully replace a resource definition, to rely on a distinct model but using the same name.
A base compose.yaml
file:
services:
app:
image: myapp
ports:
- "8080:80"
To remove the original port, but expose a new one, the following override file is used:
services:
app:
ports: !override
- "8443:443"
This results in:
services:
app:
image: myapp
ports:
- "8443:443"
If !override
had not been used, both 8080:80
and 8443:443
would be exposed as per the
merging rules outlined above.
Additional resources
For more information on how merge can be used to create a composite Compose file, see Working with multiple Compose files